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프랭클린 루즈벨트, 첫 취임사(Franklin Delano Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address)

by 섭섭한형제 2023. 2. 3.
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Delivered 4 March 1933

 

President Hoover, Mr. Chief Justice, my friends:


This is a day of national consecration. And I am certain that on this day my fellow Americans expect that on my induction into the Presidency, I will address them with a candor and a decision which the present situation of our people impels.

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오늘은 국가의 거룩한 날입니다. 그리고 저는 오늘 제 동료 미국인들이 제가 대통령에 취임하면, 우리 국민들의 현재 상황이 강요하는 솔직함과 결정으로 그들을 다룰 것이라고 확신합니다.


This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, the whole truth, frankly and boldly. Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in our country today. This great Nation will endure, as it has endured, will revive and will prosper.

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지금이야말로 진실, 전체 진실을 솔직하고 대담하게 말할 때입니다. 또한 우리는 오늘날 우리나라에서 정직하게 직면한 상황에서 위축될 필요가 없습니다. 이 위대한 국가는 견뎌낸 것처럼 다시 살아나고 번영할 것입니다.

 

So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself -- nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance. In every dark hour of our national life, a leadership of frankness and of vigor has met with that understanding and support of the people themselves which is essential to victory. And I am convinced that you will again give that support to leadership in these critical days.

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그래서, 우선, 우리가 두려워해야 하는 유일한 것은 두려움 그 자체라는 제 확고한 신념을 주장하겠습니다. 후퇴를 전진으로 전환하기 위해 필요한 노력을 마비시키는 이름 없는, 불합리한, 정당화되지 않은 테러입니다. 우리 국민 생활의 어두운 시간마다 솔직함과 활력의 리더십은 승리에 필수적인 사람들 자신의 이해와 지지를 만났습니다. 그리고 저는 여러분이 이 중요한 날들에 리더십을 다시 한번 지지할 것이라고 확신합니다.

 

In such a spirit on my part and on yours we face our common difficulties. They concern, thank God, only material things. Values have shrunk to fantastic levels; taxes have risen; our ability to pay has fallen; government of all kinds is faced by serious curtailment of income; the means of exchange are frozen in the currents of trade; the withered leaves of industrial enterprise lie on every side; farmers find no markets for their produce; and the savings of many years in thousands of families are gone. More important, a host of unemployed citizens face the grim problem of existence, and an equally great number toil with little return. Only a foolish optimist can deny the dark realities of the moment.

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저와 당신의 그런 정신으로 우리는 공통의 어려움에 직면해 있습니다. 그들은 물질적인 것에만 관심을 가집니다. 다행스럽게도. 가치가 환상적인 수준으로 축소되었습니다; 세금이 증가했습니다; 우리의 지불 능력이 떨어졌습니다; 모든 종류의 정부는 심각한 소득 축소에 직면해 있습니다; 무역의 흐름에서 교환 수단이 동결되었습니다. 산업 기업의 시든 잎들이 사방에 놓여 있습니다; 농부들은 그들의 농산물을 위한 시장을 찾지 못합니다. 그리고 수년간 수천 가구의 농가가 사라졌습니다. 더 중요한 것은 다수의 실직한 시민들이 생존이라는 암울한 문제에 직면하고 있으며, 마찬가지로 많은 수가 적은 수익률로 힘들게 일하고 있다는 것입니다. 어리석은 낙관주의자만이 현재의 어두운 현실을 부정할 수 있습니다.

 

 

And yet our distress comes from no failure of substance. We are stricken by no plague of locusts. Compared with the perils which our forefathers conquered, because they believed and were not afraid, we have still much to be thankful for. Nature still offers her bounty and human efforts have multiplied it. Plenty is at our doorstep, but a generous use of it languishes in the very sight of the supply.

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그러나 우리의 고통은 실체의 실패에서 비롯되지 않습니다. 우리는 메뚜기의 역병에 시달리지 않습니다. 우리 선조들이 믿고 두려워하지 않았기 때문에 정복한 위험과 비교하면, 우리는 여전히 감사해야 할 것이 많습니다. 자연은 여전히 그녀에게 보상을 제공하고 인간의 노력은 그것을 배가시켰습니다. 많은 것들이 우리의 문턱에 있지만, 그것을 아낌없이 사용하는 것은 공급의 바로 앞에서 시들합니다.

 

Primarily, this is because the rulers of the exchange of mankind's goods have failed, through their own stubbornness and their own incompetence, have admitted their failure, and have abdicated. Practices of the unscrupulous money changers stand indicted in the court of public opinion, rejected by the hearts and minds of men.

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첫째로, 인류의 상품을 교환하는 통치자들이 그들 자신의 고집과 무능을 통해 실패했고, 그들의 실패를 인정했고, 퇴위했기 때문입니다. 부도덕한 환전상들의 관행은 사람들의 마음과 마음에 의해 거부된 여론의 법정에서 기소됩니다.

 

True, they have tried. But their efforts have been cast in the pattern of an outworn tradition. Faced by failure of credit, they have proposed only the lending of more money. Stripped of the lure of profit by which to induce our people to follow their false leadership, they have resorted to exhortations, pleading tearfully for restored confidence. They only know the rules of a generation of self-seekers. They have no vision, and when there is no vision the people perish.

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맞아요, 그들은 노력했어요. 하지만 그들의 노력은 낡은 전통의 패턴으로 던져졌습니다. 신용 불량에 직면하여, 그들은 단지 더 많은 돈을 빌려줄 것을 제안했습니다. 우리 국민들이 그들의 잘못된 지도력을 따르도록 유도하는 이익의 유혹을 제거한 후, 그들은 눈물을 흘리며 회복된 신뢰를 간청하며 권고에 의존해 왔습니다. 그들은 오직 한 세대의 이기적인 사람들의 규칙만 알고 있습니다. 그들은 비전이 없고 비전이 없을 때 백성은 멸망합니다.

 

Yes, the money changers have fled from their high seats in the temple of our civilization. We may now restore that temple to the ancient truths. The measure of that restoration lies in the extent to which we apply social values more noble than mere monetary profit.

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네, 환전상들은 우리 문명의 성전에서 높은 자리에서 도망쳤습니다. 우리는 이제 그 신전을 고대의 진실로 복원할 수 있습니다. 그 회복의 척도는 우리가 단순한 금전적 이익보다 더 고귀한 사회적 가치를 적용하는 정도에 있습니다.

 

Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort. The joy, the moral stimulation of work no longer must be forgotten in the mad chase of evanescent profits. These dark days, my friends, will be worth all they cost us if they teach us that our true destiny is not to be ministered unto but to minister to ourselves, to our fellow men.

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행복은 단순히 돈을 소유하는 것이 아니라 성취의 기쁨, 창조적인 노력의 스릴에 있습니다. 일의 즐거움과 도덕적 자극은 더 이상 덧없는 이익의 광적인 추구에서 잊혀서는 안 됩니다. 친구들이여, 이 어두운 날들이 우리에게 우리의 진정한 운명이 관리되는 것이 아니라 우리 자신과 동료들에게 봉사하는 것이라는 것을 가르친다면 그들이 우리에게 지불하는 모든 것의 가치가 있을 것입니다.

 

Recognition of that falsity of material wealth as the standard of success goes hand in hand with the abandonment of the false belief that public office and high political position are to be valued only by the standards of pride of place and personal profit; and there must be an end to a conduct in banking and in business which too often has given to a sacred trust the likeness of callous and selfish wrongdoing. Small wonder that confidence languishes, for it thrives only on honesty, on honor, on the sacredness of obligations, on faithful protection, and on unselfish performance; without them it cannot live.

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물질적 부의 허위를 성공의 기준으로 인식하는 것은 공직과 높은 정치적 지위는 장소와 개인적 이익의 자존심의 기준에 의해서만 가치가 매겨져야 한다는 잘못된 믿음의 포기와 함께 진행됩니다; 그리고 너무 자주 주어졌던 은행과 사업에서의 행위는 반드시 끝이 있어야 합니다. 냉담하고 이기적인 잘못과 유사한 신성한 신뢰입니다. 정직, 명예, 의무의 신성함, 충실한 보호, 그리고 이기적이지 않은 수행에서만 번영하기 때문에 신뢰가 약화되는 것은 놀랄 일이 아니다. 그것들 없이는 살 수 없습니다.

 

Restoration calls, however, not for changes in ethics alone. This Nation is asking for action, and action now.

Our greatest primary task is to put people to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the Government itself, treating the task as we would treat the emergency of a war, but at the same time, through this employment, accomplishing great -- greatly needed projects to stimulate and reorganize the use of our great natural resources.

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그러나, 복원은 윤리적 변화만을 요구하는 것이 아니다. 이 나라는 지금 행동과 행동을 요구하고 있습니다.
우리의 가장 큰 주요 임무는 사람들을 일하게 하는 것입니다. 우리가 현명하고 용기 있게 마주한다면 이것은 해결할 수 없는 문제가 아니다. 그것은 부분적으로 정부에 의한 직접적인 고용을 통해 달성될 수 있습니다. 우리가 전쟁의 긴급 상황을 다루는 것처럼 그 일을 처리하는 것과 동시에, 이 고용을 통해, 우리의 거대한 천연자원의 사용을 촉진하고 재구성하기 위해 매우 필요한 프로젝트를 성취하는 것입니다.

 

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Hand in hand with that we must frankly recognize the overbalance of population in our industrial centers and, by engaging on a national scale in a redistribution, endeavor to provide a better use of the land for those best fitted for the land.
이와 함께 우리는 산업 중심지의 인구 과잉을 솔직히 인식하고 재분배에 전국적 규모로 참여함으로써 토지에 가장 적합한 사람들에게 토지를 더 잘 사용하도록 노력해야 합니다.

 

Yes, the task can be helped by definite efforts to raise the values of agricultural products, and with this the power to purchase the output of our cities. It can be helped by preventing realistically the tragedy of the growing loss through foreclosure of our small homes and our farms. It can be helped by insistence that the Federal, the State, and the local governments act forthwith on the demand that their cost be drastically reduced. It can be helped by the unifying of relief activities which today are often scattered, uneconomical, unequal. It can be helped by national planning for and supervision of all forms of transportation and of communications and other utilities that have a definitely public character. There are many ways in which it can be helped, but it can never be helped by merely talking about it.

We must act. We must act quickly.

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네, 이 과제는 농산물의 가치를 높이기 위한 확실한 노력과 이를 통해 우리 도시의 생산량을 구매할 수 있는 힘에 의해 도움을 받을 수 있습니다. 그것은 우리의 작은 집들과 농장들의 압류를 통해 증가하는 손실의 비극을 현실적으로 방지함으로써 도움을 받을 수 있습니다. 연방, 주 및 지방 정부가 비용을 대폭 절감하라는 요구에 따라 즉각 행동해야 한다는 주장이 도움이 될 수 있습니다. 그것은 오늘날 종종 흩어져 있고, 비경제적이고, 불평등한 구호 활동의 통일에 의해 도움을 받을 수 있습니다. 그것은 모든 형태의 교통, 통신 및 기타 공공성을 가진 유틸리티에 대한 국가 계획 및 감독에 의해 도움을 받을 수 있습니다. 여러 가지 방법이 있지만, 이야기만 해서는 절대로 도움이 되지 않습니다.
행동해야 해요. 우리는 빨리 행동해야 합니다.

 

 And finally, in our progress towards a resumption of work, we require two safeguards against a return of the evils of the old order. There must be a strict supervision of all banking and credits and investments. There must be an end to speculation with other people's money. And there must be provision for an adequate but sound currency.

These, my friends, are the lines of attack. I shall presently urge upon a new Congress in special session detailed measures for their fulfillment, and I shall seek the immediate assistance of the 48 States.

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그리고 마지막으로, 작업 재개를 향한 우리의 진전에서, 우리는 구질서의 폐해가 재발하지 않도록 두 가지 안전장치가 필요합니다. 모든 은행과 신용 및 투자에 대한 엄격한 감독이 있어야 합니다. 다른 사람들의 돈으로 투기를 끝내야 해요. 그리고 적절하지만 건전한 통화를 위한 준비가 있어야 합니다.
친구들, 이것들이 공격선입니다. 저는 현재 임시 세션에서 새로운 의회에 그들의 이행을 위한 세부 조치를 촉구할 것이며 48개 주의 즉각적인 지원을 요청을 할 것입니다.

 

Through this program of action we address ourselves to putting our own national house in order and making income balance outgo. Our international trade relations, though vastly important, are in point of time, and necessity, secondary to the establishment of a sound national economy. I favor, as a practical policy, the putting of first things first. I shall spare no effort to restore world trade by international economic readjustment; but the emergency at home cannot wait on that accomplishment.

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이 행동 프로그램을 통해 우리는 우리 자신의 국민 주택을 정돈하고 소득 균형을 유지하는 것에 대해 이야기합니다. 우리의 국제 무역 관계는 비록 매우 중요하지만, 건전한 국가 경제의 수립에 부차적인 시간과 필요성을 가지고 있습니다. 저는 실질적인 정책으로 우선순위를 두는 것을 선호합니다. 저는 국제 경제 재조정을 통해 세계 무역을 회복하기 위해 노력을 아끼지 않을 것입니다. 하지만 국내의 비상사태는 그 달성을 기다릴 수 없습니다.

 

The basic thought that guides these specific means of national recovery is not nationally -- narrowly nationalistic. It is the insistence, as a first consideration, upon the interdependence of the various elements in and parts of the United States of America -- a recognition of the old and permanently important manifestation of the American spirit of the pioneer. It is the way to recovery. It is the immediate way. It is the strongest assurance that recovery will endure.

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이러한 국가 회복의 구체적인 방법을 안내하는 기본적인 생각은 국가적인 것이 아닙니다. 편협하게는 국가주의적인 것입니다. 이것은 미국과 미국의 여러 요소들의 상호 의존성에 대한 첫 번째 고려 사항으로서, 미국의 개척자 정신에 대한 오래되고 영구적으로 중요한 표현에 대한 인식하는 것입니다. 그것이 회복의 길입니다. 그것은 즉각적인 방법입니다. 그것은 회복이 지속될 것이라는 가장 강력한 확신입니다.

 

In the field of world policy, I would dedicate this Nation to the policy of the good neighbor: the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others; the neighbor who respects his obligations and respects the sanctity of his agreements in and with a world of neighbors.

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세계 정책 분야에서, 저는 이 나라를 선한 이웃의 정책에 이끌 것입니다: 자신을 단호하게 존중하고 그렇게 하기 때문에 다른 사람들의 권리를 존중하는 이웃을 존중합니다.

 

If I read the temper of our people correctly, we now realize, as we have never realized before, our interdependence on each other; that we can not merely take, but we must give as well; that if we are to go forward, we must move as a trained and loyal army willing to sacrifice for the good of a common discipline, because without such discipline no progress can be made, no leadership becomes effective.

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만약 내가 우리 국민의 기질을 정확히 읽는다면, 우리는 이제 우리가 이전에 결코 깨닫지 못했던 것처럼, 서로에 대한 상호 의존을 깨달을 수 있습니다; 우리가 앞으로 나아가려면, 우리는 공동의 훈련을 위해 기꺼이 희생할 수 있는 훈련되고 충성스러운 군대로 움직여야 합니다. 왜냐하면 그러한 훈련이 없으면 안 되기 때문입니다 진전이 있을 수 있지만, 어떤 리더십도 효과적이지 않습니다.

 

We are, I know, ready and willing to submit our lives and our property to such discipline, because it makes possible a leadership which aims at the larger good. This, I propose to offer, pledging that the larger purposes will bind upon us, bind upon us all as a sacred obligation with a unity of duty hitherto evoked only in times of armed strife.

With this pledge taken, I assume unhesitatingly the leadership of this great army of our people dedicated to a disciplined attack upon our common problems.

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우리는 준비가 되어 있고 우리의 삶과 재산을 기꺼이 그러한 규율에 복종할 것입니다. 왜냐하면 그것이 더 큰 선을 목표로 하는 리더십을 가능하게 하기 때문입니다. 이것은, 더 큰 목적이 우리에게 구속될 것을 맹세하면서, 지금까지 무장 투쟁의 시기에만 제기되었던 의무의 통일과 함께 신성한 의무로서 우리 모두에게 구속될 것을 제안합니다.
이 서약을 통해, 저는 우리 국민들의 이 위대한 군대의 지도력을 주저 없이 우리의 공통된 문제에 대한 훈련된 공격에 전념할 것이라고 생각합니다.

 

Action in this image, action to this end is feasible under the form of government which we have inherited from our ancestors. Our Constitution is so simple, so practical that it is possible always to meet extraordinary needs by changes in emphasis and arrangement without loss of essential form. That is why our constitutional system has proved itself the most superbly enduring political mechanism the modern world has ever seen.

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이 이미지의 행동, 이 목적을 위한 행동은 우리가 조상으로부터 물려받은 정부의 형태로 실현 가능합니다. 우리 헌법은 매우 단순하고 실용적이어서 본질적인 형태를 잃지 않고 강조와 배치의 변화로 항상 특별한 요구를 충족시킬 수 있습니다. 그것이 우리의 헌법 체계가 현대 세계가 본 것 중 가장 오래 지속되는 정치 메커니즘임을 스스로 증명한 이유입니다.

 

It has met every stress of vast expansion of territory, of foreign wars, of bitter internal strife, of world relations. And it is to be hoped that the normal balance of executive and legislative authority may be wholly equal, wholly adequate to meet the unprecedented task before us. But it may be that an unprecedented demand and need for undelayed action may call for temporary departure from that normal balance of public procedure.

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그것은 영토의 광대한 확장, 외국 전쟁, 쓰라린 내분, 세계 관계의 모든 스트레스를 충족시켰습니다. 그리고 행정부와 입법부의 정상적인 균형이 우리 앞에 놓인 전례 없는 과제를 충족시키기에 완전히 적합할 수 있기를 바랍니다. 그러나 전례가 없는 요구와 지연되지 않은 조치에 대한 필요성은 공공 절차의 정상적인 균형에서 일시적으로 벗어날 것을 요구할 수 있습니다.

 

I am prepared under my constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken nation in the midst of a stricken world may require. These measures, or such other measures as the Congress may build out of its experience and wisdom, I shall seek, within my constitutional authority, to bring to speedy adoption.

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저는 헌법상의 의무하에 세계의 위기에 처한 국가가 요구할 수 있는 조치들을 권고할 준비가 되어 있습니다. 이러한 조치들 또는 의회가 경험과 지혜를 바탕으로 구축할 수 있는 다른 조치들을 저는 헌법적 권한 내에서 신속하게 채택할 수 있도록 노력할 것입니다.

 

But, in the event that the Congress shall fail to take one of these two courses, in the event that the national emergency is still critical, I shall not evade the clear course of duty that will then confront me. I shall ask the Congress for the one remaining instrument to meet the crisis -- broad Executive power to wage a war against the emergency, as great as the power that would be given to me if we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe.

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그러나 의회가 이 두 가지 과정 중 하나를 밟지 못할 경우, 국가 비상사태가 여전히 위급한 경우, 저는 저와 마주할 명확한 임무를 회피하지 않을 것입니다. 저는 의회에 위기에 대처할 수 있는 유일한 수단인 비상사태에 맞서 전쟁을 벌일 수 있는 광범위한 행정권을 요청할 것입니다. 실제로 우리가 외국의 적에게 침략을 당했을 때 저에게 부여될 수 있는 권한만큼 큰 것입니다.

 

For the trust reposed in me, I will return the courage and the devotion that befit the time. I can do no less.

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제게 놓여진 신뢰를 위해, 저는 그때에 맞는 용기와 헌신을 보답하겠습니다. 그에 못지않게 할 수 있어요.

 

We face the arduous days that lie before us in the warm courage of national unity; with the clear consciousness of seeking old and precious moral values; with the clean satisfaction that comes from the stern performance of duty by old and young alike. We aim at the assurance of a rounded, a permanent national life.

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우리는 국민 통합의 따뜻한 용기 속에 놓여 있는 고단한 날들, 오래되고 귀중한 도덕적 가치를 추구하는 분명한 의식, 노인과 젊은이 모두의 엄격한 의무 수행에서 오는 깨끗한 만족을 마주하고 있습니다. 우리는 둥글고 영구적인 국민 생활의 보장을 목표로 합니다.

 

We do not distrust the -- the future of essential democracy. The people of the United States have not failed. In their need they have registered a mandate that they want direct, vigorous action. They have asked for discipline and direction under leadership. They have made me the present instrument of their wishes. In the spirit of the gift I take it.

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우리는 본질적인 민주주의의 미래를 불신하지 않습니다. 미국 사람들은 실패하지 않았습니다. 그들의 필요에 따라 그들은 직접적이고 강력한 행동을 원하는 위임장을 등록했습니다. 그들은 지도력 아래에서 규율과 지시를 요청했습니다. 그들은 나를 그들의 소망의 현재 도구로 만들었습니다. 선물의 정신으로 받아들입니다.

 

In this dedication -- In this dedication of a Nation, we humbly ask the blessing of God.

May He protect each and every one of us.

May He guide me in the days to come.

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이 헌신에서, 한 민족의 헌신에서, 우리는 겸손하게 신의 축복을 요청합니다.
하나님께서 우리 모두를 지켜주시기를 바랍니다.
그가 앞으로 나를 인도해 주기를 바랍니다.

 

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